Untrained Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) Fail to Imitate Novel Actions
نویسندگان
چکیده
BACKGROUND Social learning research in apes has focused on social learning in the technical (problem solving) domain - an approach that confounds action and physical information. Successful subjects in such studies may have been able to perform target actions not as a result of imitation learning but because they had learnt some technical aspect, for example, copying the movements of an apparatus (i.e., different forms of emulation learning). METHODS Here we present data on action copying by non-enculturated and untrained chimpanzees when physical information is removed from demonstrations. To date, only one such study (on gesture copying in a begging context) has been conducted--with negative results. Here we have improved this methodology and have also added non-begging test situations (a possible confound of the earlier study). Both familiar and novel actions were used as targets. Prior to testing, a trained conspecific demonstrator was rewarded for performing target actions in view of observers. All but one of the tested chimpanzees already failed to copy familiar actions. When retested with a novel target action, also the previously successful subject failed to copy--and he did so across several contexts. CONCLUSION Chimpanzees do not seem to copy novel actions, and only some ever copy familiar ones. Due to our having tested only non-enculturated and untrained chimpanzees, the performance of our test subjects speak more than most other studies of the general (dis-)ability of chimpanzees to copy actions, and especially novel actions.
منابع مشابه
Bioactive properties of plant species ingested by chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) in the Kibale National Park, Uganda.
We measured the biological activities of a selected sample (84 crude extracts) of 24 species eaten by wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) in the Kibale National Park, western Uganda, to assess their potential chemotherapeutic values. Antibacterial, antimalarial, and/or antileishmania activities were observed in some crude extracts, and five of these extracts showed a significant c...
متن کاملChimpanzees, Pan troglodytes, recognize successful actions, but fail toimitate them
0003-3472/$38.0
متن کاملThe geographic apportionment of mitochondrial genetic diversity in east African chimpanzees, Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii.
This study is a geographically systematic genetic survey of the easternmost subspecies of chimpanzee, Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii. DNA was noninvasively collected in the form of shed hair from chimpanzees of known origin in Uganda, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Zaïre. Two hundred sixty-two DNA sequences from hypervariable region 1 of which of the mitochondrial control region were generated. Eastern ...
متن کاملFAST-TRACK REPORT Enculturated chimpanzees imitate rationally
Human infants imitate others’ actions ‘rationally’: they copy a demonstrator’s action when that action is freely chosen, but less when it is forced by some constraint (Gergely, Bekkering & Király, 2002). We investigated whether enculturated chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes ) also imitate rationally. Using Gergely and colleagues’ (2002) basic procedure, a human demonstrator operated each of six app...
متن کاملSkeletal pathology in Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii in Kibale National Park, Uganda.
The ecological pressures shaping chimpanzee anatomy and behavior are the subject of much discussion in primatology and paleoanthropology, yet empirical data on fundamental parameters including body size, morbidity, and mortality are rare for wild chimpanzees. Here, we present skeletal pathology and body size data for 20 (19 crania, 12 postcrania) chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) fro...
متن کامل